What does Urea do?#
Urea is a well-established humectant used in skincare for decades. At cosmetic concentrations, it helps skin feel softer, smoother, and more comfortably hydrated, making it a trusted choice for dry and rough-textured skin.
- Helps support the look and feel of well-hydrated, comfortable skin
- Attracts and binds water for improved hydration and a smoother skin surface
- Helps support the look and feel of the skin's moisture barrier
- Gently smooths the look and feel of rough or dry texture at cosmetic concentrations
How it works
Urea is a well-established humectant with a long history in skincare for dry and rough-textured skin. It helps skin look and feel smoother, softer, and more comfortable by adding surface hydration. At cosmetic concentrations, the visible result is improved texture, less flakiness, and a healthier-looking skin surface that feels well-hydrated throughout the day.
How to use Urea#
- Every day, morning or evening, or both. There is nothing to ease into.
- In routine order it goes on last, after any serums or targeted steps.
- Concentrate it where skin looks rough, dry or flaky — that is where the smoothing shows most.
- A brief tingle on very dry skin is normal and passes quickly.
- Skip it while skin is broken or looking irritated, and start again once it has settled.
- It pairs naturally with the other hydrating steps rather than competing with them, so it needs no evening of its own.
Cosmetic-range urea (up to 10%) is well tolerated by most skin types. A brief tingling on very dry skin is normal and typically fades quickly.
The form you will see it in
Urea cream
- Where it goes
- As your moisturizer
Using Urea with other ingredients
Pairs well with Urea
Hyaluronic Acid
Works well togetherBoth are humectants that bind water at different levels of the skin for comprehensive hydration.
Ceramides
Works well togetherUrea helps smooth and hydrate the skin surface while ceramides reinforce the look and feel of the skin's moisture barrier, addressing both sides of a healthier-looking complexion.
Niacinamide
Works well togetherNiacinamide supports the look and feel of the moisture barrier while urea provides direct hydration for comprehensive skin comfort.
Glycerin
Works well togetherBoth are humectants that help skin hold on to moisture, working together for a hydrated, comfortable feel.
What not to use with Urea
Nothing flagged. None of the ingredients this wiki covers needs to be kept apart from Urea — check the label of anything not covered here.
Who should avoid Urea?#
Six situations change whether Urea suits your skin right now. Each one is either a reason to skip it, a reason to go slowly, or nothing to watch for.
- Fragile or Sensitive
- Go slowly
- Recent Facial or Laser
- Go slowly
- Prone to Redness
- Go slowly
- Recent Shave or Wax
- Go slowly
- Maternity & Nursing
- No caution
- Dry or Itchy Patches
- No caution
Fragile or Sensitive — Use it less often — or stop — if it feels uncomfortable, and keep it off skin that’s broken, cut or sunburned.
Recent Facial or Laser — Wait until your skin feels settled before reintroducing — typically 7 to 14 days after a facial or laser appointment.
Prone to Redness — Try it on a small area first, and use it less often — or stop — if you notice stinging or extra redness.
Recent Shave or Wax — Avoid for 24 hours after waxing, threading, or dermaplaning.
Cosmetic strength limits for Urea where you live#
| Region | Maximum strength |
|---|---|
| United States | No explicit cap |
| Canada | 10% |
| European Union | No explicit cap |
| Great Britain | No explicit cap |
Where a figure appears, that is the maximum strength allowed or advised for urea in that market — some are set in cosmetics regulation, others are the ceiling a cosmetic safety panel recommends. The rest set no maximum. Either way these are limits, not targets — the right strength for a formula is the formulator's decision.
Products with Urea#
We may earn a small commission when you buy through these links.
Common questions about Urea#
When should you apply Urea?
- Every day, morning or evening, or both. There is nothing to ease into.
How often can you use Urea?
- Daily.
Where do you apply Urea?
- All over the face. Keep it away from your eyes and lips.
Does Urea make skin more sensitive to the sun?
- No. Urea is not flagged as increasing sun sensitivity.
What should you not use with Urea?
- Nothing flagged. None of the ingredients this wiki covers needs to be kept apart from Urea — check the label of anything not covered here.
Who should avoid Urea?
- Go slowly with Fragile or Sensitive, Recent Facial or Laser, Prone to Redness and Recent Shave or Wax.
Is there a cosmetic limit for Urea?
- Only some regions set one. The maximum strength for Urea in a cosmetic is 10% in Canada. No maximum is set in the United States, the European Union and Great Britain. A cap is a limit on the rules, not a signal to use more.
Related ingredients#
How we check this#
Everything on this page traces to the sources listed below — regulators' own publications and published studies. Where the evidence does not answer a question, it is left unanswered.
Some sources below are the official product information for prescription medicines — some contain this ingredient at higher strengths, others are cited for how they interact with it. We use them for their safety and handling detail only. A cosmetic product is not one of those medicines and is not intended to treat any condition.
Our review is AI-assisted and is not a named expert's opinion. Last reviewed August 8, 2026.
Think something here is out of date or wrong? Email us at wiki@skinintelligence.ai with your reasoning and where you read it. We read what people send, and we update the page when the sources support it.
Regulators and official bodies · 9
- S4Balneum Plus Cream (Lauromacrogols 3.0% w/w, Urea 5.0% w/w) — Summary of Product Characteristics, Almirall Ltd, emc/MHRA.
- S5E45 Itch Relief Cream (Lauromacrogols 3.0%, Urea 5.0%) — Summary of Product Characteristics, Karo Pharma AB, emc/MHRA.
- S6Urea Cream 40% (Rx only) — FDA label, DailyMed.
- S7Health Canada, Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist — entry "Urea, 57-13-6": (a) cosmetics intended to be diluted in bath water; (b) other cosmetics — 10%.
- S8Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 on cosmetic products, Annexes I–X (as retained in GB). Urea (CAS 57-13-6) appears in no annex; the sole "Urea" entry is Diazolidinyl Urea, Annex V preservative.
- S921 CFR § 347.10 — Skin protectant active ingredients (eCFR). Lists allantoin through zinc oxide; urea absent.
- S24SCCNFP. "Evaluation and opinion on: Salicylic Acid" (SCCNFP/0522/01, final). European Commission.
- S25International Society of Atopic Dermatitis (applicant) and WHO Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (co-applicant). "Inclusion of urea- and glycerol-based topical moisturizers on the EML and EMLc for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in adults and children." Application to the 2025 WHO EML Expert Committee. Applicant dossier — see provenance flags..
- S33Cymex Cream (Urea PhEur 1.0% w/w, Cetrimide 0.5%, Dimeticone 350 9.0%, Chlorocresol 0.1%) — Summary of Product Characteristics, Dexcel Pharma Ltd, emc/MHRA.
Studies and references · 29
- S1Celleno L. "Topical urea in skincare: A review." Dermatol Ther. 2018 Nov. · PMID 30378232.
- S2"Urea in Dermatology: A Review of its Emollient, Moisturizing, Keratolytic, Skin Barrier Enhancing and Antimicrobial Properties." Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). · PMC8611129.
- S3"The Effectiveness of Topical Keratolytics (Alpha Hydroxy Acids/Beta Hydroxy Acids/Urea) in Treating Keratosis Pilaris: A Review of the Literature." · PMC12860576.
- S10"Final report of the safety assessment of Urea." Int J Toxicol. 2005;24 Suppl 3:1-56. (PubMed record reads "No authors listed".) · PMID 16422263.
- S11Lodén M, Boström P, Kneczke M. "Distribution and keratolytic effect of salicylic acid and urea in human skin." Skin Pharmacol. 1995;8(4):173-8. · PMID 7488393 · doi 10.1159/000211343.
- S12Gloor M, Fluhr J, Wasik B, Gehring W. "[Clinical effect of salicylic acid and high dose urea applied according to the standardized New German Formulary]." Pharmazie. 2001;56(10):810-4. · PMID 11683130.
- S13Grether-Beck S, Felsner I, Brenden H, Kohne Z, et al. "Urea uptake enhances barrier function and antimicrobial defense in humans by regulating epidermal gene expression." J Invest Dermatol. 2012. · PMID 22418868 · PMC3352965.
- S14Lodén M, Andersson A-C, Anderson C, Bergbrant I-M, Frödin T, Öhman H, Sandström M-H, Särnhult T, Voog E, Stenberg B, Pawlik E, Preisler-Häggqvist A, Svensson Å, Lindberg M. "A Double-Blind Study Comparing the Effect of Glycerin and Urea on Dry, Eczematous Skin in Atopic Patients." Acta Derm Venereol. 2002;82:45-47.
- S15Bissonnette R, Maari C, Provost N, Bolduc C, Nigen S, Rougier A, Seite S. "A double-blind study of tolerance and efficacy of a new urea-containing moisturizer in patients with atopic dermatitis." J Cosmet Dermatol. 2010;9(1):16-21. · PMID 20367668 · doi 10.1111/j.1473-2165.2010.00476.x.
- S16"Effectiveness and Tolerability of an Emollient 'Plus' Compared to Urea 10% in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Atopic Dermatitis." · PMID 39973079.
- S17"Comparing the Potential for Irritation of a Ceramide-Based Moisturizer with a Urea-Based Moisturizer for Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis." Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2020. · PMC7367988.
- S18"An experimental study of irritant effects of urea in different vehicles." Acta Derm Venereol Suppl. 1992;177:44-6. · PMID 1466185.
- S19"A three-hour test for rapid comparison of effects of moisturizers and active constituents (urea). Measurement of hydration, scaling and skin surface lipidization by noninvasive techniques." Acta Derm Venereol Suppl. 1992;177:29-33. · PMID 1466183.
- S20Wohlrab W. "[Effect of urea on penetration kinetics of vitamin A acid in human skin]." Z Hautkr. 1990;65(9):803-5. · PMID 2264369.
- S21Gabard B, Bieli E. "[Salicylic acid and urea — possible modification of the keratolytic effect of salicylic acid by urea]." Hautarzt. 1989;40 Suppl 9:71-3. · PMID 2807928.
- S22Banerjee PK, Choudhury AK, Panja SK. "Topical urea in dermatology." Indian J Dermatol. 1990;35(1):17-24. · PMID 2245997.
- S23"Glycerol and urea can be used to increase skin permeability in reduced hydration conditions." · PMID 23643739.
- S26"Comparative trial of benzoyl peroxide versus benzoyl peroxide with urea in inflammatory acne." · PMID 6213380.
- S27"A multicenter efficacy and tolerability evaluation of benzoyl peroxide in a 10% urea vehicle for the treatment of acne vulgaris." · PMID 16703780.
- S28McCormick E, Nussbaum D, Friedman A, Pham H, Meckfessel MH, Emesiani C. "Evaluation of a Moisturizing Cream with 20% Urea for Keratosis Pilaris." J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(1):1274-1277. · doi 10.36849/JDD.7806.
- S29"Effect of topical treatment with urea in ichthyosis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and other skin conditions — a systematic review." Ann Med Surg. 2025. · PMID 40109645 · PMC11918770.
- S30"Evaluation of a 10% Urea Lotion for Xerosis: Clinical and Patient-Reported Outcomes From a Prospective Study." J Cosmet Dermatol. 2026. · PMID 41807289 · PMC12975674.
- S31"The use of urea for the treatment of onychomycosis: a systematic review." · PMC6458736.
- S32"Effect of topical treatment with 7.5% urea in Ichthyosis Vulgaris: A randomized, controlled, double blinded, split body study." · PMC9060062 · NCT02978209.
- S34"Placebo-Controlled Trial to Determine the Effectiveness of a Urea/Lactic Acid-Based Topical Keratolytic Agent for Prevention of Capecitabine-Induced Hand-Foot Syndrome: NCCTG Study N05C5." · PMC3020691.
- S35"A Review of Moisturizing Additives for Atopic Dermatitis." Cosmetics 2022;9(4):75.
- S36"High-Potency Vitamin C Topical Formulations" (US patent application 20210228467). Tier 3 — cannot back a quantitative claim; cited only as a formulation fact..
- S37"Niacinamide and its impact on stratum corneum hydration and structure." · PMID 39929949 · PMC11811021.
- S38"Basic Emollients for Xerosis Cutis in Atopic Dermatitis: A Review of Clinical Studies" and the APJAI atopic-dermatitis emollient review, both reporting two studies in which urea was superior to glycerin in AD. · PMC12124105; apjai-journal.org AP-230920-0969.





