PDRN

A DNA fragment purified from salmon or trout, used in leave-on serums to help skin look firmer and smoother — most of all around the eyes.

On a label you may see
Polydeoxyribonucleotide, Sodium DNA, Sodium DNA/RNA, Hydrolyzed DNA, Hydrolyzed Sodium DNA, Sodium Stearoyl DNA, Salmon DNA and c-PDRN

Last reviewed September 1, 2026 · 43 sources, 11 of them regulators or official bodies · how we check this

Best time
Morning or evening
How often
Daily
Strength
Gentle
Sun sensitivity
None

Where to apply

All over the face

Never in your eyes or on your lips.

What does PDRN do?#

A leave-on serum with PDRN, a DNA fragment from salmon or trout, used to help skin look firmer and smoother — most of all around the eyes.

Benefits

  • Helps soften the look of fine lines, with the clearest results around the eyes
  • Helps skin look firmer and springier over a few weeks of daily use
  • Gentle enough for morning and night, including on the thin skin near the eyes
  • Sits quietly alongside the rest of a routine — the app never asks you to time it around anything

How it works

PDRN is a fragment of DNA taken from salmon or trout milt and purified. Unlike a moisturiser, which changes how skin looks and feels on the surface straight away, it settles in slowly and its effect builds. That is why it is counted in weeks rather than days, and why it shows up as a firmer, smoother look rather than an instant change in feel.

How to use PDRN#

  • Before you start

    It is purified from the milt of salmon or trout, so it is not vegan. Plant-sourced versions exist and are a different material, studied separately.

  • Where it goes

    A serum goes on after cleansing and before your moisturiser. It suits morning and night alike, and there is no reason to keep it to one or the other.

  • Where to apply

    All over the face, and right up to the orbital bone — the study behind it used an eye cream. Keep it out of the eye itself, as with any leave-on.

  • How to apply

    A thin layer on clean skin. It is absorbed slowly by nature, so give it a moment to settle before the next step.

  • Alongside others

    It layers easily with the rest of a routine. If a retinoid or an acid already makes skin feel tight, put this on afterwards, onto skin that has settled.

  • What to expect

    A quiet start. There is no break-in phase and no flaking — the studies measured steady change from about two weeks, with four weeks the point they stopped counting.

  • What to look for

    An ingredient list names it but never gives its molecule size, and size is what decides whether a product does much. Seeing Sodium DNA on a label tells you the ingredient is there, not how it will behave.

  • If it doesn't suit

    It is not usually the thing that stings or flakes, but skin is individual. If something in your routine does — including this one — pause it, let skin settle, and reintroduce it on its own.

Discontinue use if unexpected discomfort occurs.

The form you will see it in

PDRN firming serum

Where it goes
Before moisturizer

Using PDRN with other ingredients

What not to use with PDRN

Nothing flagged. None of the ingredients this wiki covers needs to be kept apart from PDRN — check the label of anything not covered here.

Who should avoid PDRN?#

Six situations change whether PDRN suits your skin right now. Each one is either a reason to skip it, a reason to go slowly, or nothing to watch for.

Maternity & Nursing
Go slowly
Fragile or Sensitive
No caution
Recent Facial or Laser
No caution
Prone to Redness
No caution
Dry or Itchy Patches
No caution
Recent Shave or Wax
No caution

Maternity & NursingIf you are pregnant or nursing, you may prefer to check with your healthcare provider before use.

Cosmetic strength limits for PDRN where you live#

RegionMost a cosmetic may contain

No cosmetic regulator in the 20 markets above sets a maximum strength for pdrn. That is the state of the rules, not a signal to use more: how much goes into a product is the formulator's decision.

Open a market to see the rulebook its figure comes from. Those notes describe each market's own rules as we read them, current to August 24, 2026; the linked documents are the authority, and nothing here is legal advice.

Common questions about PDRN#

When should you apply PDRN?

Morning or evening.

How often can you use PDRN?

Daily.

Where do you apply PDRN?

All over the face. Keep it away from your eyes and lips.

Does PDRN make skin more sensitive to the sun?

No. PDRN is not flagged as increasing sun sensitivity.

What should you not use with PDRN?

Nothing flagged. None of the ingredients this wiki covers needs to be kept apart from PDRN — check the label of anything not covered here.

Who should avoid PDRN?

Go slowly with Maternity & Nursing.

Is there a cosmetic limit for PDRN?

No. No cosmetic regulator in the United States, Canada, the European Union or Great Britain sets a maximum strength for it. That is a limit on the rules, not a signal to use more.

How we check this#

Everything on this page traces to the sources listed below — regulators' own publications and published studies. Where the evidence does not answer a question, it is left unanswered.

Some sources below are medical studies. This ingredient has been studied in conditions a doctor treats, and the record cited here includes findings that did not favour it. We use those studies for their safety and handling detail only. A cosmetic product is not a medicine and is not intended to treat, cure or prevent any condition.

Some sources below are the official product information for prescription medicines — some contain this ingredient at higher strengths, others are cited for how they interact with it. We use them for their safety and handling detail only. A cosmetic product is not one of those medicines and is not intended to treat any condition.

Our review is AI-assisted and is not a named expert's opinion. Last reviewed September 1, 2026.

Think something here is out of date or wrong? Email us at wiki@skinintelligence.ai with your reasoning and where you read it. We read what people send, and we update the page when the sources support it.

Regulators and official bodies · 11

  1. S23European Medicines Agency. Defitelio (defibrotide sodium) — Summary of Product Characteristics, §§4.3–4.6, 5.1. Route: intravenous; porcine-derived; ATC B01AX01 — context only, never carried to the topical route..
  2. S24Commission Decision (EU) 2019/701 establishing a glossary of common ingredient names for use in the labelling of cosmetic products (Art. 33, Reg. (EC) No 1223/2009). Entries: SODIUM DNA (23113), SODIUM DNA/RNA (23114), HYDROLYZED SODIUM DNA (11360).
  3. S25Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on cosmetic products, Annexes II–VI. Searched: no DNA/nucleic-acid/nucleotide entry.
  4. S26Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 as retained in UK law, Annex II and Annex III (legislation.gov.uk). Searched: no DNA/nucleic-acid/nucleotide entry.
  5. S27Health Canada. Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist: prohibited and restricted ingredients. Searched: no DNA/nucleic-acid/nucleotide entry.
  6. S2821 CFR Part 700 Subpart B — Requirements for specific cosmetic products (prohibited/restricted cosmetic ingredients), eCFR. Searched: no DNA/nucleic-acid/nucleotide entry.
  7. S31Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products, consolidated text in force 01.09.2025 (Annexes I–VI).
  8. S32Health Canada. Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist: prohibited and restricted ingredients (capture 2026-09-01).
  9. S3321 CFR Part 700 (Subparts A–B), General — Cosmetics, eCFR current.
  10. S34Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 as retained in GB law, Annexes I–V (legislation.gov.uk) ….
  11. S35European Commission, CosIng ingredient record: SODIUM DNA/RNA (id 94968) — function SKIN CONDITIONING; no Cosmetics Regulation provisions; no other restrictions; no SCCS opinions.

Studies and references · 32

  1. S1Ye R, Wang Q, Du L, Li L, Hu F. Topical medium-length PDRN enhances dermal extracellular matrix repair in photodamaged skin via PI3K–Akt/TGF-β–regulated pathways. PLoS One, 2026. · PMID 42430369 · PMC13353946 · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0350905.
  2. S2Marques C, Porcello A, Cerrano M, Hadjab F, Chemali M, Lourenço K, Hadjab B, Raffoul W, Applegate LA, Laurent AE. From Polydeoxyribonucleotides (PDRNs) to Polynucleotides (PNs). Biomolecules, 2025. · PMID 39858543 · PMC11764130 · doi:10.3390/biom15010148.
  3. S3Kim ST. Comparison of Polynucleotide and Polydeoxyribonucleotide in Dermatology: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Perspectives. Pharmaceutics, 2025. · PMID 40871045 · PMC12388916 · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics17081024.
  4. S4Flores Rodríguez JC, Toledo Avelar LE, Yi K, Merino Arellano R, Porras Zamora BM, Martínez LV. Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) in Post-procedure Recovery in Aesthetic Medicine: A Narrative Review. Cureus, 2026. · PMID 42299173 · PMC13264829 · doi:10.7759/cureus.108886.
  5. S5Alhussain AM, Turki M Albusayys S, Alfhadi MA, Bu Mozah SA, AlShammari SSS, Alanazi HAM, Adil Alqazanli S, Nouruldeen Alabdullah A, M ALrashidi N, Almazrou AA, Alshehri AF. Polynucleotides and Polydeoxyribonucleotides for Skin Rejuvenation, Postoperative Scar Prevention, and Wound Healing: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials. Cureus, 2026. Carries the Valdatta 2004 and Yogya 2022 trial data quoted above. · PMID 42572627 · PMC13453133 · doi:10.7759/cureus.112403.
  6. S6Noh TK, Chung BY, Kim SY, Lee MH, Kim MJ, Youn CS, Lee MW, Chang SE. Novel Anti-Melanogenesis Properties of Polydeoxyribonucleotide, a Popular Wound Healing Booster. Int J Mol Sci 2016;17(9). PMID 27598132 · PMC5037727. Cell culture + intradermal injection in 6 patients.
  7. S7Kim HM, Byun KA, Oh S, Yang JY, Park HJ, Chung MS, Son KH, Byun K. A Mixture of Topical Forms of Polydeoxyribonucleotide, Vitamin C, and Niacinamide Attenuated Skin Pigmentation and Increased Skin Elasticity by Modulating Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-like 2. Molecules, 2022. · PMID 35209068 · PMC8879610 · doi:10.3390/molecules27041276.
  8. S8Park HJ, Byun KA, Oh S, Kim HM, Chung MS, Son KH, Byun K. The Combination of Niacinamide, Vitamin C, and PDRN Mitigates Melanogenesis by Modulating Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase. Molecules 2022. PMID 35956878 · PMC9370691. Mouse, microneedle-delivered; same lab as S7.
  9. S9Bak SU, Jung MS, Kim DJ, Jin HU, Lee SY, An CE. Anti-Aging Efficacy of Low-Molecular-Weight Polydeoxyribonucleotide Derived from Paeonia lactiflora. Int J Mol Sci, 2025. · PMID 41516097 · PMC12785872 · doi:10.3390/ijms27010220.
  10. S10Kim E, Choi S, Jang J, Shin HY, Ahn K, Kim SJ, Seo HH, Lee JH, Moh SH. Effects of polydeoxyribonucleotide derived from Gynostemma pentaphyllum callus on skin barrier function. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2025. · PMID 40527178 · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.152180.
  11. S11Lee KS, Lee S, Wang H, Lee G, Kim S, Ryu YH, Chang NH, Kang YW. Analysis of Skin Regeneration and Barrier-Improvement Efficacy of Polydeoxyribonucleotide Isolated from Panax Ginseng (C.A. Mey.) Adventitious Root. Molecules, 2023. · PMID 37959659 · PMC10649580 · doi:10.3390/molecules28217240.
  12. S12Galeano M, Pallio G, Irrera N, Mannino F, Bitto A, Altavilla D, Vaccaro M, Squadrito G, Arcoraci V, Colonna MR, Lauro R, Squadrito F. Polydeoxyribonucleotide: A Promising Biological Platform to Accelerate Impaired Skin Wound Healing. Pharmaceuticals (Basel), 2021. · PMID 34832885 · PMC8618295 · doi:10.3390/ph14111103.
  13. S13Chen J, Qiu F, Shi J, Huang W, Zhao C, Han Q. PDRN prevents SIRT1 degradation by attenuating autophagy during skin aging. PLoS One, 2025. · PMID 40343916 · PMC12063799 · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0321005.
  14. S14Crisanto de Oliveira RR. Safety and feasibility of the ISO-LPR protocol (isotretinoin, laser, and polydeoxyribonucleotide) in severe nodulocystic acne: a case report. JAAD Case Rep 2026;71:118–122. PMID 42016786 · PMC13092468. n=1, laser-assisted topical.
  15. S15Rodrigo Crisanto de Oliveira R. One-day rejuvenation: a preliminary case series of a multimodal protocol combining Q-switched 1064 nm laser, botulinum toxin, and laser-assisted delivery of PDRN and retinoids. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2026 (online ahead of print). PMID 42418230. n=5, laser-assisted topical.
  16. S16Havas F, Krispin S, Cohen M, Attia-Vigneau J. Hyaluronic Acid-like Skin Plumping and Radiance Benefits of a Porphyridium Sulfated Exopolysaccharide- and Natural PDRN-Rich Extract. Mar Drugs 2026;24(3). PMID 41892958 · PMC13028226. Topical human RCT of a whole extract containing 3–10 ppm (mean 5.95 ± 2.49 ppm) DNA fragments — effects not attributable to PDRN.
  17. S17Kream EJ, Anooshiravani N, Hosking AM, Boen M, Fabi SG. Global Trends and Evidence Evaluation: A Systematic Review of Polynucleotide and Polydeoxyribonucleotide Therapy in Dermatology. Dermatol Surg, 2026 (online ahead of print; the PubMed record carries no abstract, so it is cited for scope only). · PMID 42283510 · doi:10.1097/DSS.0000000000005155.
  18. S18Rubegni P, De Aloe G, Mazzatenta C, Cattarini L, Fimiani M. Clinical evaluation of the trophic effect of polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) in patients undergoing skin explants. A Pilot Study. Curr Med Res Opin, 2001. Route: intramuscular and subcutaneous — context only. · PMID 11759182.
  19. S19Nguyen TH, Wang SL, Nguyen VB. Recent advances on polydeoxyribonucleotide extraction and its novel application in cosmeceuticals. Int J Biol Macromol, 2024. · PMID 39486723 · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137051.
  20. S20Lim HW, Huang YH, Baek HS, Kim HG, Kim KE, Lim CJ. PDRN-like marker DNA shows skin beneficial properties through its single-stranded form. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 2025. · PMID 40328457 · doi:10.1093/bbb/zbaf067.
  21. S21Oh S, Jeon HD, Rho NK, Son KH, Byun K. Polynucleotide Mixture Attenuates Ultraviolet B-Induced Skin Pigmentation. Int J Mol Sci 2025;26(13). PMID 40650176 · PMC12250556. PN, mouse, intradermal injection.
  22. S22Artesani MC. Anaphylactic shock to defibrotide. Allergy, 2006. Route: intravenous defibrotide — context only. · PMID 16867061.
  23. S29Valdatta L, Thione A, Mortarino C, Buoro M, Tuinder S. Evaluation of the efficacy of polydeoxyribonucleotides in the healing process of autologous skin graft donor sites: a pilot study. Curr Med Res Opin 2004;20(3):403–8. PMID 15025849.
  24. S30Kim HJ, Lee JW, Kim S, Son KH. Plant-Derived Polynucleotides/Polydeoxyribonucleotides in Skin Biomaterials: Delivery Platforms and Bioactivity Attribution. J Funct Biomater 2026. PMID 42506577 · PMC13413087.
  25. S36AIFA. Riassunto delle Caratteristiche del Prodotto — PLACENTEX (5,625 mg/3 ml and 2,25 mg/3 ml soluzione iniettabile; 0,08% crema; 0,75 mg/3 ml soluzione cutanea; 0,75 mg/ml collirio). Document made available by AIFA 17/11/2020. MAH Mastelli S.r.l., Sanremo. Reproduced by farmaco-info.it — the Tier 1 original at farmaci.agenziafarmaco.gov.it no longer resolves (DNS failure) and the current AIFA portal is client-rendered; cited at Tier 3 for that reason, and corroborated by S37.
  26. S37AIFA RCP — PLACENTEX 0,75 mg/ml collirio (AIC 004905117; AIFA text 12/01/2023, page updated 18/06/2023), reproduced by Torrinomedica; and PLACENTEX 2,25 mg/3 ml soluzione iniettabile, reproduced by Mediately.
  27. S38de Oliveira RRC. Letter to the Editor: Use of PDRN and Nd:YAG Q-Switched 1064 nm Laser in the Management of Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation Following Laser Hair Removal Complication. J Cosmet Dermatol 2025. PMID 41307094 · PMC12658718. n=1.
  28. S39de Oliveira RRC. Letter to the Editor: Use of Polydeoxyribonucleotide, Retinoic Acid, and Laser in the Treatment of Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation. J Cosmet Dermatol 2025. PMID 40887877 · PMC12399916. n=1.
  29. S40Ionescu AC, Vezzoli E, Conte V, Procacci P, Garcia-Godoy F, Brambilla E. Effects of Na-DNA mouthwash solutions on oral soft tissues. A bioreactor-based reconstituted human oral epithelium model. Am J Dent 2020;33(5):277–284. PMID 33017532.
  30. S41He Y, Xu L, Pei X, Dong Y, Yang X. Preparation of Polydeoxyribonucleotide Nanoliposomes and their Applicability to Cosmetic Formulations. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2025. PMID 39995124.
  31. S42Bae K, Cho Y, Soo K, Lee J, Park Y, Hyun Y, Kim JH, Yi K. Efficacy of Polynucleotide-Based Therapy in Atopic Dermatitis Management. J Cosmet Dermatol 2026. PMID 41480692. PN, intradermal injection, off-label case series.
  32. S43Yu M, Lee JY. Polydeoxyribonucleotide improves wound healing of fractional laser resurfacing in rat model. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2017;19(1):43–48. PMID 27762652. Rat, daily injection.

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